In Mathematics 5, students will focus on vocabulary, problem solving, reasoning, and review. Instruction will include a step-by-step approach to the development of math concepts and skills, as well as the use of cooperative learning, board work, teacher demonstrations, note-taking, and class recitation. Students will use the four fundamental operations of math (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) with whole numbers, decimals, and fractions. Geometry, measurement, data, probability, number theory, and ratios will be reinforced and developed throughout the year. The concepts of variables, inverse operations, integers, percentages, and the coordinate plane will be introduced.

(Full Year Course)

The purpose of this course is to provide a bridge between Pre-Algebra and Algebra I. Students will be provided an opportunity to achieve mastery in pre-algebra skills such as fractions, integer operations, order of operations and basic variable equations. Students will also begin to work on Algebra I topics such as solving variable equations, linear equations and inequalities, and graphing linear equations and inequalities. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

(Full-year) (Graded)

Algebra is a means of mathematical representation and algebraic methods provide numerous problem-solving tools. The course is designed to move from the hands-on focus of Pre-Algebra into a greater emphasis on abstraction and conceptual understanding. This year we will explore the language of algebra in verbal, graphical and symbolic forms while modeling patterns and relationships with variables and functions. Linear relationships, systems of equations and inequalities, and polynomial operations including factoring are highlights of the course. Note: A Texas Instruments TI-83 Plus or TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.

Prerequisite: Pre-Algebra (Full Year Course)

Geometry moves from inductive to deductive reasoning to produce logical proofs. A basic understanding of undefined terms, properties, postulates, and theorems is developed and applied to two- and three-dimensional figures. Algebraic skills involving lines, graphs, equations, formulas, radicals, and trigonometry are reinforced. Hands-on explorations and activities enhance the visual and spatial nature of the course while connecting the intrinsic concepts of Euclidean Geometry. Technology is employed when applicable. 

Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.

Prerequisite: Algebra I (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Note: This course is also available to rising 8th graders through the St. David's Summer Academy for full-year St. David's credit.

Attention sports fans! Have you ever wondered why so many statistics are used in sports? What do all of those numbers in sporting events really mean? “Math in Sports” will allow students to take an in-depth look at the statistics used in different sports and identify their relevance. Students will use these statistics to draw conclusions and debate possible outcomes of real-world sporting events with their classmates. If you enjoy math and you enjoy sports, then “Math in Sports” is the class for you!  

(1 Trimester Elective) (Pass/Fail) 

Understanding financial topics and navigating the proper role of money in our personal lives is crucial for managing a household and family or succeeding in business. The concept of wise and honest stewardship of resources is developed while students learn the skills of creating and maintaining personal and household budgets, understanding different types of bank accounts and investments, and cultivating the spirit of a generous giver.

(1 Trimester elective) (Graded)

Latin I provides an academically rigorous introduction to the Latin language and Roman culture. Students begin to develop fluency in Latin by memorizing vocabulary and grammatical forms, translating and composing sentences, and occasionally reading short stories in the target language. An appreciation of Latin as it influences modern English, as well as Roman culture as it relates to the world of the Bible, is developed and deepened. Students may also read in English and appreciate an age-appropriate telling of a full-length classical work such as the Iliad, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid.

(Full Year Course) (Graded)

Latin II builds upon the foundation of the previous year with the ever-present goal of understanding authentic Latin. Students continue to master the basics of Latin by expanding their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge, translating and composing sentences of greater complexity, and reading longer passages adapted from Roman authors. Cultural topics, such as Greek and Roman history, society, and mythology, feature prominently as students begin to interpret the texts they translate. 

Prerequisite: Latin I. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

In the Media Production course, students will learn various skills associated with the creation of multiple forms of media. Instruction will include lessons with technologies such as video, sound equipment, lighting, computer editing, graphics, digital imaging, and more. Students will complete hands-on activities to obtain skills in production techniques and will even have the chance to sign up to help manage on-campus events like plays and/or live events.   

Recommended prerequisite skills: 

• High aptitude for applying technology skills
• Journalism experience
• Highly organized
• Long-term planner and thinker
• Propensity for visual design
• Advanced communication skills
• Independent worker

(2 Trimesters elective) (Graded)

This trimester course uses the Alice 3 software package from Carnegie Mellon University’s Alice Project. Students will use 3D models and animations to create simple stories and games. This project-based course will demonstrate how computers and computer programming can be used for creativity, communication, and problem solving.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

Lego Robotics is designed for students with a strong interest in tinkering, building creatively and collaborating. Students will use Legos as a medium for developing a wide range of STEM-related skills. Students will learn basic computer programming skills and problem solving. Hands-on activities and challenges will permeate through each lesson.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

Computer Science Discoveries is an introductory course that empowers students to engage with computer science as a medium for creativity, communication, problem solving and fun! Students will learn problem solving, web development, interactive animation, the design process, physical computing and more.

Note: This course meets twice a week for a full year for sixth grade students.

The English 6 course facilitates the development of students’ skills in reading and fluency of expression through the study of excellent selections of literature. Students read and carefully examine a variety of novels, short stories, and poems. Vocabulary study is given high priority and is approached in the context of literature. Students are guided to use their own words, both oral and written, to express clearly what they have read and understood. Oral skills are taught and integrated throughout the course, from reading passages aloud to articulating literary concepts in class discussion. By the end of year, English 6 students will read well at an advanced pace, and be able to express themselves through discussion and writing.

(Full Year Course)

English 7 is a literature course focusing on the development of reading comprehension, vocabulary, and analysis of the text. Particular attention is given to developing the habit of critical thinking by delving deeper into the elements of fiction including character, setting, plot, and theme, and by giving students the opportunity to develop their own thoughts about the literature through intentional class discussions and their own writing. By the end of the year, through their introduction to great literature, students will gain a greater awareness of the community and world around them, developing empathy for those around them.

(Full Year Course)

Students will write school news stories, feature articles, editorials, columns, and reviews. Bring your laptop and get ready to write, interview, edit, and create a digital format for the St. David’s newspaper. You’ll have the opportunity to showcase your journalism skills and share your work with the St. David’s community.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

Students in Writing Studio will have the opportunity to play games, build sentences, make videos, and construct bridges in order to master grammatical concepts. Through various tactile methods, students will refresh previously taught concepts and learn new grammatical essentials which they will apply directly to their writing. Ultimately, students will discover the power of the written word. Instruction is designed to complement the English, Bible and Humanities courses in 7th and 8th grades.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

This elective will operate as a book club discussion around books with great female protagonists. Students will present books they've read while also engaging shared readings that place girls and women in leading roles.

(1 Trimester elective) (Graded)

Band 5 is for fifth graders who want to begin the wonderful journey of instrumental music through learning how to play a band instrument. Students will choose between flute, clarinet, trumpet, trombone or percussion. They will begin by learning assembly, posture, breath control, forming an embouchure and finally tone production. There are generally two concerts per year. This class is to prepare students for entry into Band 6 (Intermediate Band).  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

Students in Voice 5 will continue to build on fundamental music theory skills gained from previous years of rich choral singing and classroom music in Lower School. This course will enable students to build self confidence in choral singing as they develop and deepen their skills in vocal production, choral techniques, reading and interpretation of choral scores and performance etiquette. Students will enjoy learning and performing music drawn from various musical time periods, and musical genres:  classical styles, folk-music, world music, pop and jazz. Independent singing and personal musicianship will be emphasized as students continue to make progress in singing two- and three-part harmonies in a warm and nurturing environment with their peers.  The fifth grade choir will perform for chapel services, as well as seasonal concerts on campus, with the added possibility of a spring competition in Williamsburg.

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

In Stage 5, students will be introduced to the basic concepts of theater.  Students will use various creative drama techniques to build confidence and trust, stimulate imagination, movement, and role-play. Through theater exercises and activities students will learn to lose inhibitions and will gain trust in themselves as well as others in their groups. Students will learn and use drama and theater vocabulary in class discussions and the activities will specifically address the promotion and reinforcement of students' literacy skills. Students will exhibit and reinforce their skills through individual and group presentations, performances  and script writing. 

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

Take a journey back in time as we explore the history of civilization as recorded through the visual arts. In this course we will study examples of art beginning with cave paintings through modern art. We will follow a timeline and examine maps to study and identify art in the context of time in history and geographic location. Students will create artwork that relates to each of the periods and styles of art we study.  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

Band 6, or Intermediate Band, is for sixth graders who are second year players. Beginning concepts such as posture, breathing, and tone will be the initial focus, and intonation and balance will become major components. The players transition from primarily focusing on their own playing ability to playing in the context of a group. Five-eight scales will be learned and memorized, including the chromatic scale. Music will be selected from the method book and on par with the NC graded list, level 1-2. The purpose of this class is to prepare students for entrance into Concert Band.  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

Students will enjoy the camaraderie of being with friends in a warm environment, as together they learn and perform music drawn from various musical time periods and musical genres: classical styles, folk-music, world music, pop and jazz.  Students will grow in personal musicianship and independent singing as they apply a growing base of musical knowledge to singing in two- and three-part harmonies that contain more complex and interesting rhythms and meters. This course will also provide enjoyable ways of learning and deepening fundamental skills in vocal production, choral techniques, reading and interpretation of choral scores, and performance etiquette. The sixth grade chorus will perform for chapel services, as well as seasonal concerts on campus, with the added possibility of a spring competition in Williamsburg.  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective) (No fifth grade chorus pre-requisite required)

In this class, students will continue their study of the basic concepts and begin to refine their presentational skills. Students will use various creative drama techniques to build ensemble, stimulate imagination, movement and role-play with an emphasis on believability and sensory awareness. Students will use observation and emotional memory to reveal thoughts and feelings and to build believable characters and situations. Students will learn and use drama and theatre vocabulary in class discussions and the activities will address the promotion and reinforcement of students' literacy skills. Students will exhibit and reinforce their skills through individual and group presentations, performances, and script writing.  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

Using the elements of art and principles of design as a framework, students will use a variety of media and techniques to achieve proficiency in selected technical skills and techniques in art. Understanding that students have basic knowledge in the use of traditional art media, the objective of this course will be to refine those skills. Students will benefit from the creative process of making art as well as the satisfaction of the finished product. Areas that students will explore are basic techniques within drawing, painting, and sculpture. Students will also explore art in the context of science, technology, engineering and math during the second term of this course.  

(Full-year Fine Arts elective)

The Beginning Guitar course is designed to introduce the novice player to the acoustical classical guitar. The student will learn basic music notation and apply that knowledge to the instrument. Concepts that will be covered include: how to tune the instrument, fingering charts, basic chords, tablature and traditional score writing, fingering styles, accompaniment versus melody and chordal progressions. Each student will need to provide his/her own acoustic six-string guitar (nylon string is preferable). This class will be small in number. Preference will be given to students who give the class a high priority, and, if necessary, to students concurrently signed up for one of the performing class ensembles: Concert Band, Wind Ensemble or Middle School Vocal Ensemble.

Pre-requisite: Seventh-eighth grade standing. (1 Trimester Elective) (Pass/Fail)

Piano class is designed for any student who has a desire to play piano, regardless of their current piano skills. Students with little to no piano experience will receive instruction on developing their playing skills. Intermediate and advanced pianists will receive guided practice to strengthen their skills.  All students will improve their musicianship and learn techniques for successful piano playing tailored to their individual needs.

(1Trimester Elective)(Graded)

This course is an introduction to comedic acting for the stage. It is designed to identify and develop the ability to play comedic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises, improvisations exploring what makes us laugh, comedic timing, clowning, and physical as well as intellectual humor. Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation.  

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This course is an introduction to acting technique for the stage. It is designed to develop the ability to play dramatic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises and improvisations exploring awareness, relaxation, observation, the senses, voice, and physical and emotional life. Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

Students will gain experience through advanced units of study in drawing, painting, sculpture, and design. Each unit will involve completing one major art project. Small art exercises will also be completed in order to learn specific techniques. Each project will incorporate aspects of the elements of art (line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space) and the principles of design (balance, rhythm, movement, proportion, contrast, repetition, emphasis, harmony, and unity). Art 7 will also include the study of art history as well as individual artists.

(2 Trimesters Elective) (Graded)

Art 8 seeks to advance students in creating a variety of two and three-dimensional works. As in Art 7, the semester is broken into units that will build on conceptual skills while working in drawing, painting, sculpture, and design. Students will grow in their ability to use both style and medium in order to communicate their thoughts and ideas more effectively.

(2 Trimesters Elective) (Graded)

Are you interested in taking your art skills to the next level?  Are you curious about science, technology, engineering and math, and want to explore visual art in the context of these subject areas?  If so, Art & STEM is the class for you!  Art can function as a bridge across the various subjects we study in school, awakening inquiry in new ways and giving us an outlet for expressing worship as we encounter the wonder of creation.

Pre-requisite: 7th or 8th grade standing. (1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

Global History 5 is the first in a two-year study of global history and world cultures in which students explore the broad chronology and geographical setting of major events in human history, hear rich stories of great lives and works, explore overarching historical themes, systems and patterns, and study examples of how different big events influence each other across time.  Students build historical thinking skills, study and interpret primary and secondary sources, learn to develop and articulate sound arguments, explore and brainstorm solutions to modern global challenges, and hone skills of map reading and cartography.  Global History-5 focuses on the history of western civilization, the Americas, Europe and Oceania.  

Bible Survey 7 at St. David's School is designed to give students an introduction to the Bible by providing them an overview of a variety of topics that include a history of the canon and Ancient Near East geography and history. The primary aim of this course, however, is to introduce students to the content of the Bible. Students will read a variety of texts from the Old and New Testaments, as well as explore major themes, characters and theology that span the biblical canon.

(Full Year Course)

Throughout this elective, students will be guided through the turbulent events of World War I, also known as “The Great War.” Students will examine changes in national, political, and social ideologies that led to global conflict. Themes will include emerging technologies, battlefield tactics, and America’s involvement in the war. During the course, students will be able to examine real artifacts and build detailed vehicle models. Students will also read and discuss Michael Morpurgo’s book "War Horse."

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This elective course will give students a detailed look at the greatest conflict of the 20th century, World War II. Students will study the major causes and the implications of the war. They will explore themes such as battlefield strategy, life on the home front, women in war, and postwar issues. Students will examine primary sources to view first-hand perspectives from each theater. They will also have opportunities to examine real artifacts and assemble vehicle models. In addition, we will read and discuss Laura Hillebrand‘s book "Unbroken: An Olympian’s Journey from Airman to Castaway to Captive" (YA adaptation). The course will conclude with a field trip to the Airborne & Special Operations Museum in Fayetteville, NC.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

What led to the bloodiest war in United States history? How did this war shatter our nation, and how do we still feel its effects today? During our time in this elective, students will explore decisions that led to war, important battles, and life for ordinary citizens at home. As we read through primary sources, students will analyze different viewpoints of people on both sides of the conflict. Students will have many opportunities to examine real artifacts and replicas, as well as participate in simulation experiences and model building. Throughout the term, we will also read and discuss eyewitness accounts from The Boy’s War: Confederate and Union Soldiers Talk About the Civil War.

(1-Trimester Elective) (Graded)

Eighth grade humanities unites traditional American literature and American history into a rich exploration of the American experience. The course is rooted in primary texts which serve as the entry point for a deep and careful investigation of the history and culture that inform our answers to fundamental questions: What does it mean to be an American? What constitutes good citizenship? What is the American dream? How has the tension between liberty and equality shaped the story of America? The course is collaboratively implemented in the eighth grade English and American History classes.

(Full Year Course)

Spanish Exploration (Fifth Grade) is the first course in a two-year sequence, designed to build upon the Lower School Spanish enrichment courses.  This no-homework course meets for two sessions per week.  Fifth grade students will explore Spanish language and culture through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on some very familiar topics using basic vocabulary and memorized phrases. This course will prepare students not only to continue with Spanish 1A in seventh grade, should they so choose, but also to flourish in other language courses as well.

(Full Year Course)

Spanish IB is the second course in a two-year sequence, designed to continue building upon Spanish IA. Students in Spanish IB will arrive at an Intermediate Low (ACTFL) learning level. Eighth grade students will continue to pursue Spanish language acquisition and cultural literacy through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on everyday situations using a series of simple sentences.

(Full Year Course)

French Exploration (Fifth Grade) is the first course in a two-year sequence, designed both to introduce students to an important modern language as well as to build upon the foreign language learning skills acquired in the Lower School Spanish enrichment courses. This no-homework course meets for two sessions per week.  Fifth grade students will explore French language and culture through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on some very familiar topics using basic vocabulary and memorized phrases. This course will prepare students not only to continue with French 1A in seventh grade, should they so choose, but also to flourish in other language courses as well.

(Full Year Course)

French Exploration (Sixth Grade) is a no-homework course, the second in a two-year sequence, designed to continue building upon French Exploration (Fifth Grade) and meets for two sessions per week. Sixth grade students will continue to explore French language and culture through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on very familiar topics using a variety of words and memorized phrases. This course will continue to prepare students to flourish not only in French 1A in seventh grade, should they so choose, but also in other language courses as well.

(Full Year Course)

French IA the first course in a two-year sequence.  Students who choose French IA will journey for two years in the seventh and eighth grades, first toward a Novice High (ACTFL) learning level.  Seventh grade students will pursue French language acquisition and cultural literacy through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on familiar topics related to everyday life using phrases and simple sentences.
 

(Full Year Course)

French IB is the second course in a two-year sequence, designed to continue building upon French IA.  Students in French IB will arrive at an Intermediate Low (ACTFL) learning level.  Eighth grade students will continue to pursue French language acquisition and cultural literacy through listening, speaking, reading, and writing so as to communicate in the target language on everyday situations using a series of simple sentences.

(Full Year Course)

The transition from Lower to Middle School Physical Education will include new experiences such as dressing out for class, lockers, a larger facility, and interacting with a larger number of peers. A supportive environment will enable students to make this transition successfully, setting the stage for a positive Middle School experience. The P.E. program emphasizes learning, success, and enjoyment for all students, conceptual knowledge, appropriate challenges and cooperation. The focus shifts from the practice of fundamental movement, to applying these skills in the field or court of specific sport activities.

(Full Year Course)

The P.E. program emphasizes learning, success and enjoyment for all students, conceptual knowledge, appropriate challenges and cooperation. The focus shifts from the practice of fundamental movement, to applying these skills in the field or court of specific sport activities.

Physical Education in seventh and eighth grade will be pursued in one of the following ways.

• Participation in Team/Lifetime Sports class
• A commitment to a year-round physical activity such as swimming, equestrian sports or Tae Kwon Do, with the prior written approval of the PE Department Chair and the Middle School Principal.
• Serving as manager for one or more extra-curricular school sports teams.
• Participation in one season per year of extra-curricular sports, or sports-sponsored physical activity:

Students engage in an exciting activities-based curriculum that introduces topics in the natural and physical sciences. Relationships between the disciplines being studied and real-life applications are stressed as students develop their laboratory skills. Students keep a science notebook and technology is integrated where appropriate.

(Full Year Course)

Physical science introduces students to the disciplines of chemistry and physics. The course is intended to foster an interest and appreciation for science, as well as prepare students for more rigorous science courses in the Upper School. Lab work and other hands-on activities constitute a large component of the class, and students will work routinely both alone and in groups to establish various scientific principles in chemistry and physics.

(Full Year Course)

Anatomy and Physiology provides students the opportunity to survey the remarkable array of body systems that comprise the human body. They will learn the structure and function of different organs in the body and how they work together. Laboratory activities reinforce concepts and principles presented in the course. 

(1 Trimester elective) (Graded)

Are you interested in fashion? Do the latest, cultural trends inspire you? Would you enjoy opportunities to explore your creative side and craft products of your own design? In our world today, some of the most important innovations have come about through the result of creative design thinking with a focus on both fashion and textiles. In this elective, students will have the opportunity to gain design experience and learn about the technical nature of textiles and the textile industry. During the course, students will work both individually and in teams to accomplish various projects that blend elements of design, fashion, textiles, and innovation. Projects will encourage empathetic awareness, and also incorporate the social and cultural impacts these elements bring to the world around us.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Pass/Fail)

Students in this course will learn about the wide diversity of life on Earth. Students will learn about bacteria, fungi, protists, plants and animals. The characteristics of life will be observed in each different facet of the tree of life. Through these investigations, students will see the wonder of God's power in the variety of living things. Class meetings will consist of hands-on activities and experiments.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

Latin I provides an academically rigorous introduction to the Latin language and Roman culture. Students begin to develop fluency in Latin by memorizing vocabulary and grammatical forms, translating and composing sentences, and occasionally reading short stories in the target language. An appreciation of Latin as it influences modern English, as well as Roman culture as it relates to the world of the Bible, is developed and deepened. Students may also read in English and appreciate an age-appropriate telling of a full-length classical work such as the Iliad, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid.

(Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Latin II builds upon the foundation of the previous year with the ever-present goal of understanding authentic Latin. Students continue to master the basics of Latin by expanding their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge, translating and composing sentences of greater complexity, and reading longer passages adapted from Roman authors. Cultural topics, such as Greek and Roman history, society, and mythology, feature prominently as students begin to interpret the texts they translate. 

Prerequisite: Latin I (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Prerequisite: Latin II (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Latin IV Honors is designed to prepare students for success in AP^® Latin by introducing them to the language of Vergil and Caesar, the two authors that make up the AP Latin syllabus. Students gain familiarity with the styles and vocabularies of classical Latin authors, such as Cicero, Ovid, Catullus, and Pliny, and begin to analyze texts as literature in context of the Roman world. Increasingly rigorous writing assignments prepare students for the written portions of the AP curriculum.

Prerequisite: Latin III and permission of the Department of Classical Languages (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This class is designed for those wishing to read excerpts from Caesar’s Gallic Wars and Vergil’s Aeneid and to take the AP Latin exam. We will read both authors in English, and selections from them in Latin as outlined in the AP Latin course description. We will familiarize ourselves with first-century BC context of the society in which the authors lived, and consider the themes including leadership, duty, self, and society. We will use AP style testing methods and emphases throughout the course. This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. Time spent in class, versus time spent in independent study, is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course.

Prerequisite: Latin III and/or IV Honors, and permission of the Department of Classical Languages (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course is equivalent to a college-level Latin Literature course, and is reserved for students who have completed AP Latin successfully and are interested in reading and analyzing extended portions of advanced Latin Literature. Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Cicero, Caesar, Livy, Plautus, Terence, Catullus, Horace, Vergil and Ovid, or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as students will gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays.

Prerequisite: AP Latin and permission of the Department of Classical Languages (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course is reserved for students who have completed Latin VI and wish to further their range of proficiency in reading and analyzing extended portions of advanced Latin Literature. Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Cicero, Caesar, Livy, Plautus, Terence, Catullus, Horace, Vergil, and Ovid, or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as student will gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays. Composition assignments in Latin will help students solidify their grasp of the language and encourage them to write in imitation of the works they are reading.

Prerequisite: Latin VI and permission of the Department Chair (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Greek I begins a study of Attic Greek, the language of playwrights, historians, philosophers, and poets. It provides an excellent foundation for progress into the New Testament (written in a much-simplified form of Greek, koine) and on to the Homeric epics, the Iliad and Odyssey. We follow the path of a rural farmer’s family, based on Aristophanes comedy The Acharnians, and along the way encounter many famous myths, insights into perhaps the most intellectually productive culture of all time, and by the end are able to read extended portions of authentic Greek with facility. The reading of a full-length classical work in English, such as the Iliad, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid, will provide necessary cultural, religious, and literary backgrounds to the Greek world presented in class, and regular writing assignments about this work will allow the student to begin to express an understanding of the classical world.

(Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Greek II continues the journey through the Greek language. The textbook will gradually be supplemented by extended reading from intermediate-level texts, such as the New Testament and Xenophon. As the course progresses, a greater emphasis will be placed upon Greek literature. The reading of a full-length classical work in English, such as the Iliad, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid, will provide necessary cultural, religious, and literary backgrounds to the Greek world presented in class, and regular writing assignments about this work will allow the student to begin to express and understanding of the classical world.

Prerequisite: Greek I (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Greek III will focus on completing the course of study begun in Athenaze, and then on introducing students to more challenging readings from authentic Greek texts. We will begin with passages from the New Testament and proceed from there to Greek authors, such as Lysias and Plato, whose texts offer us not only elegant examples of Attic style, but also insights into the life and culture of 5th and 4th-century Athens. In the second semester, students will become acquainted with Greek poetry through an introduction to Homer and the epic dialect. Throughout the course, we will have ample opportunity to solidify our grasp of Greek vocabulary, grammar and syntax. We will also have occasion to examine the Greek culture through reading so primary texts both in Greek and in translation.

Prerequisite: Greek II (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Greek IV is an advanced literature course, in which students will read substantial portions of ancient Greek literature in prose and poetry. Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Plato, Xenophon, Herodotus, Homer, Euripides, and Sophocles or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The rigor and depth of analysis will be similar to that of AP Latin and will focus on interpreting the texts as literature and as a part of the intellectual fabric of the ancient world. Upon successful completion of this course, students will be prepared to succeed in a Greek literature course in college.

Prerequisite: Greek III and permission of the Department Chair (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Introduction to Computer Programming provides students an opportunity to develop programming skills through interactive, creative challenges. Students will learn coding, problem solving, web development, gaming animation, design thinking, physical computing and machine learning.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

The course is a year-long introductory computer science survey course. Using resources from Code.org, students will explore many of the big, foundational ideas of computing to better understand how these concepts are transforming the world we live in. Using the Alice 3 software package from Carnegie Mellon University’s Alice Project, students will use 3D models and animations to explore object-oriented programming. We will also begin to explore the Java programming language. This course is designed to be a rigorous, engaging, and approachable course based on the AP Computer Science Principles course. Interested students will be able to sit for the AP Computer Science Principles exam.

This course introduces fundamental computer science topics such as problem solving, design strategies, organization of data in data structures, common algorithms for processing data, analysis of potential solutions, and the ethical and social implications of computing. Using the Alice 3 software package from Carnegie Mellon University’s Alice Project, which uses 3D models and animations, and the Java programming language, the course emphasizes both object-oriented and imperative problem solving and design. Students will find the course engaging and challenging.

In Robotics, students will construct and program robots to solve problems. This course is designed to integrate engineering with computer programming for the purposes of applying knowledge to new situations. Students will work with in groups to build and test VEX robots. Hands-on activities and challenge will permeate through each lesson.

(Trimester elective) (Graded)

The Men’s and Women’s Ensembles are an entry-level course for those seeking to sing within a larger group. These courses seek to build a community of singers that foster success and excellence in themselves and each other.

(Full Year or Trimester Elective ) (Graded)

Chamber Choir Honors is an advanced-level course for those seeking to further develop their understanding of vocal range and mechanics. This group has a strong focus on musical literacy, vocal health and performance skills. Through daily ear training and sight reading, challenging repertoire and performance opportunities, both on campus and abroad, students will grow in their vocal skills. 

Audition required – contact choir director to schedule a time. 

(Full-year Elective) (Graded)

This instrumental ensemble is designed for 9th-12th graders playing instruments in the woodwind, brass and percussion families. Students are held to high standards of ensemble playing, being challenged each day toward musical proficiency. In this course students focus on developing fully-matured tone quality, strong technical skills, superior phrasing and musicianship, as well as advanced music theory concepts. Regular individual playing tests and quizzes are given for evaluation. Students in the Wind Ensemble are featured during various concerts and school assemblies throughout the year. In addition, the Wind Ensemble embarks on an annual overnight trip to an adjudicated festival each spring.

Prerequisite: Three years of prior band experience or Director’s approval. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course introduces students to the Elements of Art and the Principles of Design for both 2D and 3D works of art. Students are challenged to find visual solutions to design problems while exploring a variety of media and basic studio techniques. Projects will build fundamental skills that are necessary in all types of design and artistic endeavors. Students will also learn how to engage in art critiques with their peers and articulate artistic concepts using appropriate art vocabulary.

(Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course introduces students to basic hand-building construction methods and surface design using various clay bodies. Students will learn the terminology of ceramics and gain an understanding of the stages of clay as they explore three-dimensional design through projects that emphasize both useful and sculptural forms.

(Trimester Elective) (Graded)

Piano class is designed for any student who has a desire to play piano, regardless of their current piano skills. Students with little to no piano experience will receive instruction on developing their playing skills. Intermediate and advanced pianists will receive guided practice to strengthen their skills.  All students will improve their musicianship and learn techniques for successful piano playing tailored to their individual needs.

(1Trimester Elective)(Graded)

Students in Studio Art I will continue to refine their technical skills in the 2D art methods experienced in Foundations in Art and further explore media with which they have developed a personal connection on a deeper level.  

Prerequisite: Foundations in Art. (Trimester elective) (Graded)

Studio Art II students will explore advanced techniques in drawing and painting and learn about other 2D methods of art making, including printmaking, collage, and digital photography. Through the study and practice of historic and contemporary trends in visual art, students will continue to improve their visual literacy, creativity, and confidence as individual artists.

 Prerequisite: Studio Art I. (Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This course offers dedicated students an opportunity to create art through advanced practice and experimentation with a variety of 2D and 3D methods. Emphasis is given to problem solving and conceptual thinking. This course is highly recommended for those students interested in taking AP Art & Design their senior year. 

Prerequisite: Studio Art II (Trimester elective) (Graded)

The AP Art and Design program is intended for highly motivated seniors interested in preparing a portfolio for the College Board exam. Students can choose to pursue a two-dimensional design, three-dimensional design or drawing portfolio. As part of the final portfolio, students are required to bring five selected works of their own.

Prerequisite: Faculty approval and 10 to 12 completed works of art to be used for the general section of the 24-piece portfolio. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This class covers the basic disciplines necessary to create the illusion of stage aggression. The class will focus primarily on unarmed/hand-to-hand, rapier, and quarterstaff. The emphasis is on development of technique as well as performance, with a focus on accuracy and safety. Students will achieve personal understanding and command of their bodies as they relate to theatrical physical conflict.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This course focuses on dramatic acting techniques for the stage from Greek tragedy to contemporary drama. It is designed to develop the ability to play dramatic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises and improvisations exploring awareness, relaxation, observation, the senses, voice, and physical and emotional life. Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This course focuses on the underlying question, “What makes us laugh?”, and how this translates to comedic acting for the stage. It is designed to identify and develop the ability to play comedic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises, improvisations exploring what makes us laugh, comedic timing, clowning, and physical as well as intellectual humor. Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

This course introduces students to the skills of interviewing, graphic design, photojournalism and writing for the school’s yearbook, Logos. Students will learn the fundamentals of copywriting and creating spreads. Also, members of the class will produce stories and images to chronicle the school year.

(Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course uses the terminology, properties, and concepts specific to Algebra. Topics include but are not limited to polynomials, factoring, linear equations and inequalities, systems of equations and inequalities, and linear and quadratic functions. Application problems encourage the development of critical thinking, logical reasoning, and problem-solving skills. Cooperative learning and technology are employed to introduce and reinforce concepts when applicable. Graphing calculators will be used where appropriate. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.)

(Full Year Course) (Graded)

Geometry moves from inductive to deductive reasoning to produce logical proofs. A basic understanding of undefined terms, properties, postulates, and theorems is developed and applied to two- and three-dimensional figures. Algebraic skills involving lines, graphs, equations, formulas, radicals, and trigonometry are reinforced. Hands-on explorations and activities enhance the visual and spatial nature of the course while connecting the intrinsic concepts of Euclidean Geometry. Technology is employed when applicable. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.

Prerequisite: Algebra I (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Note: This course is also available through the St. David's Summer Academy for full-year St. David's credit.

This course develops and explores in a greater depth many algebraic concepts that were presented in Algebra I, with an emphasis on solving equations, manipulating expressions, and graphing functions from the linear, quadratic, polynomial, rational, radical, and exponential families. New topics introduced in the course include matrices, complex numbers, conic sections and logarithms. Graphing calculators will be used where appropriate. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.

Prerequisite: Algebra I (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Prerequisite: Geometry and departmental approval. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: Algebra II or AFM. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Pre-Calculus Honors is designed to cover all of the material presented in Pre-Calculus while probing deeper into the theoretical applications in preparation for AP math and science courses. Our most advanced math students will be challenged in this course to promote creative thinking in order to apply the concepts they have learned to solve multi-faceted problems. This course will also cover additional topics such as sequences, series, and mathematical induction. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: Algebra II Honors or Algebra II and departmental approval. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course is designed to provide a strong foundation for rising juniors and seniors. Whether their next math experience will be a collegiate course or a St. David’s senior course in AP Calculus AB or AP Statistics, this course will be a valuable preparation. The focus will be on introducing the concepts and methods of calculus and statistics. Students will utilize skills developed earlier in their mathematics courses to address conceptual and applied topics including limits, first and second derivatives, tangent lines, concavity, and continuity. This course will also introduce statistics topics including observing and exploring data, normal distributions, sampling methods, bias, and experimental design. Technology is an integral part of the course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus Honors or Pre-Calculus and department approval. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course is designed to prepare students for the AP Calculus AB exam administered annually by the College Board for the purpose of obtaining college credit while still in secondary school. Topics emphasized are limits, derivatives, integrals, and the connections between them. Students will apply these skills in real-world problem-solving contexts. The course encourages independent thinking, and problem solving, logical reasoning and critical thinking skills will be emphasized through the use of cooperative learning and technology. The ability to verbally express mathematical reasoning is a major component of this course. A solid foundation in Pre-calculus, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. The understanding and use of technology is essential in this course. This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. Time spent in class, versus time spent in independent study, is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus Honors or Pre-Calculus and departmental approval. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course is designed to prepare students for the AP Calculus BC exam administered annually by the College Board for the purpose of obtaining college credit while still in secondary school. Topics include a review of AP Calculus AB material, an in-depth study of the theoretical foundations of calculus, advanced techniques of integration, differential equations, introduction of vector analysis, polar coordinates, and infinite series. Written work and the ability to express mastery of a problem through words is a major component of this course. A solid foundation in AP Calculus AB, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. The understanding and use of technology is essential in this course. This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. Time spent in class, versus time spent in independent study, is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: AP Calculus AB and departmental approval. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course is designed to prepare students for the AP Statistics exam, administered annually by the College Board, for the purpose of obtaining college credit while still in secondary school. The focus of the course is to develop the skills required to collect, collate, and analyze data. Emphasis is placed on a variety of applications, designs of experiments, techniques of data analysis, and conceptual understanding. Course topics include but are not limited to the nature of data, probability, estimates, hypothesis testing, inferences, correlation, regression, and variance. This course requires a “mathematical maturity” as well as interpretive and reasoning skills. Written work and the ability to express mastery of a problem through words is a major component of this course. Problem solving, logical reasoning and critical thinking skills will be emphasized through the use of cooperative learning and technology. A solid algebraic foundation, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. The understanding and use of technology is essential in this course. This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. Time spent in class, versus time spent in independent study, is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus and departmental approval. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

The objective of this class is to offer students an introduction to statistical analysis. The focus of the course is to develop the skills required to collect, collate, and analyze data. Emphasis is placed on a variety of applications, designs of experiments, techniques of data analysis, observing and exploring data, normal distributions, sampling methods, bias, and experimental design. Problem solving skills will be developed through the use of technology and classroom investigations and activities. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. 

This is a non-honors, non-AP course for seniors only.

(Full-year course) (Graded)

This course, the first in a three-year sequence, introduces students to the French language as well as to the cultures and geographies of France and the French-speaking world. Through a variety of differentiated learning activities, including engagement with authentic French audio-visual and print materials, students acquire basic vocabulary and beginning grammar with an emphasis on meaningful communication about everyday topics pertaining to themselves and others. As the year progresses, classroom instruction and interaction are increasingly conducted in French.

(Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course, the second in a three-year sequence, builds on the introductory year of French by further equipping students with listening and speaking, reading and writing skills for language acquisition. Through the use of authentic French audio-visual and print materials, students learn to communicate meaningfully beyond the basic descriptive level, summarizing, and reminiscing. Alongside their French language acquisition, students continue to develop cultural literacy and sensitivity regarding the French-speaking world. Much of the classroom instruction and interaction is conducted in French.

Pre-requisite: French 7-8 or French I or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course, the third in a three-year sequence, conducted almost exclusively in French, leads to more sophisticated communication in the language, including the expression of opinion and sentiment on a variety of topics. Students encounter authentic French audio-visual and print materials further enriching their cultural literacy and sensitivity as they also deepen and broaden their ability to express themselves meaningfully in the past, present, and future.

Prerequisite: French II or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course, offered only on demand and by recommendation, seeks to further prepare students for the AP® level. Conducted entirely in French, this course provides students the unique opportune its to review, remediate, and practice grammar and vocabulary while continuing to develop their cultural literacy of France and the francophone world. Through a focused review and practice of explicit grammar and vocabulary acquisition, students express themselves more correctly and authentically in both their written and spoken French. Students who successfully complete the French Composition and Conversation may be recommended for AP® French Language and Culture.

Pre-requisite: French IV Honors or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course, conducted entirely in French, seeks to prepare recommended students for the AP^® level by blending a comprehensive review of grammar and vocabulary with the further acquisition of French language proficiency and francophone cultural literacy. Through the extensive classroom use of a wide variety of authentic French audio-visual and print materials, students gain a level of listening and reading comprehension as well as oral and written fluency so as to express themselves meaningfully and confidently on a wide variety of topics. Students who successfully complete French IV Honors may be recommended for AP® French Language and Culture.

Pre-requisite: French III or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course, the second in a three-year sequence, builds on the introductory year of Spanish by further equipping students with listening and speaking, reading and writing skills for language acquisition. Through the use of authentic Spanish audio-visual and print materials, students learn to communicate meaningfully beyond the basic descriptive level, summarizing, and reminiscing. Alongside their Spanish language acquisition students continue to develop cultural literacy and sensitivity regarding the Spanish-speaking world. Much of the classroom instruction and interaction are conducted in Spanish.

Pre-requisite: Spanish 7-8 or Spanish I or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course, the third in a three-year sequence, conducted almost exclusively in Spanish, leads to more sophisticated communication in the language, including the expression of opinion and sentiment on a variety of topics. Students encounter authentic Spanish audio-visual and print materials further enriching their cultural literacy and sensitivity as they also deepen and broaden their ability to express themselves meaningfully in the past, present, and future.

Pre-requisite: Spanish II or permission of the department chair. (Full Year Course) (Graded)

This course, conducted entirely in Spanish, seeks to prepare recommended students for the AP^® level by blending a comprehensive review of grammar and vocabulary with the further acquisition of Spanish language proficiency and Hispanic cultural literacy. Through the extensive use of a wide variety of authentic Spanish audio-visual and print materials, students gain a level of listening and reading comprehension as well as oral and written fluency so as to express themselves meaningfully and confidently on a wide variety of topics. Students who successfully complete Spanish IV Honors may be recommended for AP® Spanish Language and Culture.

Pre-requisite: Spanish III or permission from the department chair. (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

The health course allows students to examine a variety of health and fitness related topics, while empowering them to make healthy, lifelong choices. Topics will include (but are not limited to) decision-making skills, nutrition, eating disorders, risk factors for disease, injury prevention, cardiovascular fitness, the dangers of tobacco, vaping, drugs and alcohol. Health is offered during the summer as well as the school year.

(Trimester Course) (Summer Session option) (Pass/Fail)

Biology is an all-inclusive survey course in life science. Topics covered will include the diversity of life, basic biochemistry, cell structure and division, genetics and ecology. Student understanding is reinforced through inquiry-based labs, a variety of hands-on investigations, dissection, and microscopy.

(Lab Science) (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Note: This course is also available through the St. David's Summer Academy for full-year St. David's credit.

Biology Honors extends the classroom and lab experience of the Biology course by challenging students to dig deeper into life science concepts.  Students should expect to conduct lab experiments that require a thorough investigation by critically analyzing results and connecting them to broader concepts.  Throughout the course, students will complete formal lab reports, actively participate in seminar discussions and demonstrate higher order thinking on formal assessments.

(Lab Science) (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

AP Biology is an introductory college-level biology course.  Students cultivate their understanding of biology through inquiry-based investigations as they explore the following topics: evolution, cellular processes—energy and communication, genetics, information transfer, ecology, and interactions.  AP Biology will meet for lab periods once a week during office hours and once a week during flex period.  Attendance in these classes is mandatory. This course, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent reading and preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. The amount of time spent in class relative to the time spent in independent work is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course.

Prerequisite: Physics and Chemistry. (Lab Science) (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

This course provides the student with a broad introduction to chemical principles and concepts. Some of the topics covered include chemical quantities and equations, the atom, the periodic table, rates of reactions, acid-base chemistry, and chemical structures. The course draws on basic algebra skills such as solving equations and using ratios. 

(Lab Science) (Full Year Course) (Graded)

Chemistry Honors extends the classroom and lab experience of the Chemistry course by challenging students to dig deeper into physical science concepts.  Chemistry topics covered include the development of modern atomic theory, chemical reactions, prediction of products, molecular structure and the five gas laws.  Students should expect to conduct lab experiments that require a thorough investigation by critically analyzing results and connecting them to broader concepts.  Throughout the course, students will complete formal lab reports, actively participate in seminar discussions and demonstrate higher order thinking on formal assessments.

(Lab science) (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

AP Chemistry is comparable to a first-year two-semester college chemistry course and the accompanying laboratory.   Students spend the entire year studying a broad range of topics, including atomic structure, mass relationships, gases, thermochemistry, chemical bonding, phases of matter, chemical kinetics and equilibrium, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics.  To successfully complete this course, students must be proficient in math and problem solving and have excellent organizational skills.  This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent reading and preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class.  The amount of time spent in class relative to the time spent in independent work is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course.

Prerequisite: Algebra II, Physics or Chemistry. (Lab Science) (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Physics is a course designed to give students more insight into the natural world. Relevant concepts are discussed in class and problem-solving techniques are developed for various topics. These topics include mechanics, electricity and magnetism, waves, sound, and optics. In addition, an extended lab will be developed and carried out by students. The concepts discussed in class are supplemented with labs and demonstrations. Algebra II skills are pertinent to physics and are developed throughout this course.

Prerequisite: Algebra II concurrently (Lab Science) (Full Year Course) (Graded)

The goal of AP Environmental Science is to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts and methodologies required to understand the inter-relationships of the natural world. Topics covered will include geology, oceanography, biology, chemistry and geography.  Students will identify and analyze environmental problems, both natural and human-made.  Students will read a variety of texts describing environmental issues and write statements that reflect an understanding of the inter-relationships under investigation.  Through this course, we will investigate problems through hands-on laboratory experiences or fieldwork at least one class period a week. This class, in common with other AP courses, will require extensive independent reading and preparation in addition to the coursework covered during class. The amount of time spent in class relative to the time spent in independent work is more closely comparable to a college course than a traditional high school course. This class is an elective and does not fulfill a graduation requirement.

Prerequisites: Biology and Chemistry, plus departmental recommendation. (Lab Science) (Full Year Elective) (Graded)

Engineering is all about building through doing. In this course, we will spend every class period building projects to accomplish a task. Projects will involve a blend of design, mechanics, electronics, and programming. No previous science or math courses are required, and no experience with any tool or skill is necessary. Past projects include building a bridge, building a remote-controlled car, building a medieval weapon, building mousetrap cars, dark-activated circuits, Arduino circuits, video game-making, and a student-chosen project.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)

In this course, students will learn how to integrate principals of design and innovation with practical, hands-on skills. Students will work with different materials and equipment, including hand tools, power tools and 3D printers. Additionally, students will have the opportunity to build an innovation portfolio, which documents collaborative ideating, brainstorming and creation, and visit local companies to experience real-world applications.

(1 Trimester Elective) (Graded)